Media Recipes

Liquid Media

Sterile Saline

Purpose: Used make dilutions of viable cells for plating or transfer to new media.

This saline concentration of 0.85% w/v (145 mM) is suitable for diluting E. coli before transferring to new media or plating on agar.

1L 5L Component
8.5 g 42.5 g NaCl

Add dH2O to final volume. Autoclave before use. Prepare large batches in 6 L flask and then aliquot out into bottles. It is not important to measure out exact volumes when dividing a large batch among bottles.

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesSaline

LB: Lysogeny Broth / Luria-Bertani Medium (Miller)

Rich media used for routine culture of E. coli and other bacteria at high cell densities.

1L 5L Component
10 g 50 g Tryptone
5 g 25 g Yeast Extract
10 g 50 g NaCl

Add dH2O to final volume. Autoclave. If mixing up large batches and aliquoting, be sure to add exact volumes to final media bottles so that they will be ready for addition of antibiotic to known concentrations.

This recipe is from Miller JH. (1992) A Short Course in Bacterial Genetics. CSHL Press. Handbook Unit 25.5.

Note: Be aware that (1) there are several other formulations that may be called LB but vary the amount of NaCl. Using the wrong one can cause large changes in growth. (2) LB was originally supposed to stand for "Lysogeny Broth" and you may also see it called "Luria Broth" (more about this).

Expected results: E. coli strains grow to 5×109 cells/ml final density in LB.

Variant: 0.1×LB is made with 1 g Tryptone, 0.5 g Yeast Extract, and 10 g NaCl per liter. (It is 0.1× in the nutrients, but not the salt!)

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesLysogenyBroth

DM: Davis-Mingioli

Growth medium used by the long-term E. coli evolution experiment.

0.5L 1L 5L Component MW
2.67 g 5.34 g 26.7 g Potassium Phosphate (dibasic) K2HPO4 MW 174.18
1 g 2 g 10 g Potassium Phosphate (monobasic) KH2PO4 MW 136.07
0.5 g 1 g 5 g Ammonium Sulfate (NH4)2 SO4 MW 132.08
0.25 g 0.5 g 2.5 g Sodium Citrate (trisodium, dihydrate) Na3C6H5O7 (H2O)2 MW 294.10
Add dH2O to final volume and autoclave.

Note: if using Potassium phosphate (dibasic) trihydrate (MW 228.22) use 7g per L

After autoclaving add the following stock solutions:

0.5L 1L 5L Component
0.5 ml 1.0 ml 5 ml 10% (w/v) Magnesium Sulfate MgSO4 (separately autoclaved stock)
0.5 ml 1.0 ml 5 ml 0.2% (w/v) Thiamine (vitamin B1) (filter sterilized)

And supplement with a carbon source.

If preparing DM-glucose (MW 180.16 g/mol), add this volume of 10% glucose solution (separately autoclaved stock) to get the final concentration desired:

0.5L 1L 5L DMX [glucose] (w/v) [glucose] (mg/L) [glucose] (M)
125 µl 250 µl 1.25 ml DM25 0.0025% 25 mg/L 139 µM
0.5 ml 1 ml 5 ml DM100 0.010% 100 mg/L 694 µM
1.25 ml 2.5 ml 12.5 ml DM250 0.025% 250 mg/L 1.39 µM
2.5 ml 5 ml 25 ml DM500 0.05% 500 mg/L 2.78 mM
5 ml 10 ml 50 ml DM1000 0.1% 1000 mg/L 5.55 mM
10 ml 20 ml 100 ml DM2000 0.2% 2000 mg/L 11.1 mM

Remember: DMX = DM + X mg/L glucose. Glucose may no longer limit the final growth density above approximately DM1000.

Final composition
5.1 mM Sodium (Na+)
75.8 mM Potassium (K+)
15.2 mM Ammonium (NH4)
0.83 mM Magnesium (Mg2+)
8.41 mM Sulfate (SO42-)
45.3 mM Phosphate (PO43-)
1.70 mM Citrate
139 µM Glucose (in DM25)

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesDavisMingioli

M9 Minimal Medium

1L Component
6 g Sodium phosphate dibasic (anhydrous), Na2HPO4
3 g Potassium phosphate monobasic, KH2PO4
0.5 g Sodium chloride, NaCl
1 g Ammonium chloride, NH4Cl
Add dH2O to 1 liter. Autoclave.

After media is autoclaved add the following sterile ingredients:

1L Component
1 ml 1M Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4
1 ml 0.1M Calcium chloride CaCl2
10 ml 10% (w/v) glucose (or other carbon source)

Final composition
93.0 mM Sodium (Na+)
22.1 mM Potassium (K+)
18.7 mM Ammonium (NH4)
1.0 mM Calcium (Ca2+)
0.1 mM Magnesium (Mg2+)
29.2 mM Chloride (Cl-
0.1 mM Sulfate (SO42-)
42.2 mM Phosphate (PO43-)

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesM9Minimal

ABMS: Acinetobacter Minimal Succinate

Courtesy of the Averhoff lab, with modifications for available reagents.

To make standard ABMS, combine the following pre-sterilized ingredients at room temperature:

1L 5L Component
880 mL 4.4 L diH2O
20 mL 100 mL 1M Sodium Succinate
50 mL 250 mL 20× Mineral Solution
50 mL 250 mL 20× Phosphate Buffer

To make ABMS agar:

Per liter of media, add 16 g/L agar and 1 mL/L antifoam to diH2O, then autoclave in a 2 L flask. When water and agar are cool enough to touch, add component solutions. Optional: warm components at 55°C in a water bath before combining with agar to reduce the temperature difference when combined.

ABMS Component Recipes

SL9 (trace minerals)

1L Component
800 mL diH2O
12.8 g Nitrilotriacetic acid
2 g FeSO4•7H2O (note: first dissolve in 2M HCl)
104 mg CoCl2 (anhydrous)
122 mg MnCl2•4H2O
70 mg ZnCl2
36 mg Na2MoO4•2H2O
13 mg NiCl2

Add 1 mL of 10 mL 10× solution:

60 mg H3BO3
20 mg CuCl2•2H2O

Adjust pH to 6.5 using 1 M NaOH. Bring volume to 1000 mL with diH2O. Note: this requires a lot of NaOH, so leave room when bringing up to volume.

Mineral Solution (20×)

500 mL Component
10 g NH4Cl
5.8 g MgSO4•7H2O
1 g KNO3
0.67 g CaCl2•2H2O †
20 mg (NH4)6Mo7O24•4H2O
10 mL SL 9

† Substitution: You may use 465.8 µL of a 1 M CaCl2 per 500 ml of stock solution for this component. The final concentration of Ca2+ in the 20× stock is 9.12 mM.

Bring to 500mL in a graduated cylinder with deionized water.

Phosphate Buffer (20×)

500mL Components
68 g KH2PO4
132.5 g Na2HPO4•H2O

Bring to 500 mL with diH2O; pH should be ~6.9-7.0 (you may add 400 mL diH2O first and bring pH up to 6.8 then complete volume to 500mL)

* Source: Averhoff lab

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesABMS

R2A

R2A is a medium that can be used to grow a wide variety of soil microbes.

1L 5L Component
0.5 g 2.5 g Yeast Extract
0.5 g 2.5 g Proteose Peptone No. 3
0.5 g 2.5 g Casamino Acids
0.5 g 2.5 g Dextrose
0.5 g 2.5 g Soluble Starch
0.3 g 1.5 g Sodium Pyruvate
0.3 g 1.5 g Dipotassium Phosphate
0.05 g 0.25 g Magnesium Sulfate
Add dH2O to final volume and autoclave.

If making R2A solid media also add 15 g of agar and 1 ml of 5% antifoam per liter.

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesR2A

RCV Medium

RCV is a complex media consisting of 3 different sub-components that must be prepared ahead of time if they are not already made.

Main recipe

1L Component
10 mL 10% (NH4)2 SO4
40 mL 10% DL-malate, pH 6.8
50 mL Super salts (see below)
15 mL 0.64 KPO4, pH 6.8 (see below)

add 3/4 H2O before adding the KPO4
adjust pH to 6.8 if needed
if making plates add 16 g Agar per L

0.64M KPO4, pH 6.8

500mL Component
20 g KH2PO4
30 g K2HPO4

Super salts

1L Component
40 mL 1.0% EDTA
20 mL 20% MgSO4 5H2O
20 mL 7.5% CaCl2 2H2O
20 mL Trace elements (see below)
48 mL 0.5% FeSO4 7H2O
20 mL 0.1% thiamine-HCl

Trace Elements

250mL Component
0.3975 g MnSO4H2O
0.7 g H3BO3 (Boric Acid)
0.01 g Cu(NO3)2 3H2O
0.06 g ZnSO4 7H2O
0.1875 g NaMoO4 2H2O (Sodium molybdate VI dihydrate)

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesRCVMedium

SOB/SOC: Super Optimal Broth

For SOB:

1L Final [ ] Component
5 g 0.5% yeast extract
20 g 2.0% tryptone
0.5 g 10 mM NaCl
0.186 g 2 mM KCl
2.4 g 20 mM MgSO4 (anhydrous)
Add 800 ml of dH2O and dissolve components. Adjust to pH 7.5 prior to use with 1 M NaOH (approximately 25 ml). Add dH2O to a final volume 1 L. Autoclave

For SOC (=SOB+glucose):
Make SOB, except add dH2O to a final volume of 960 ml instead of 1 L. Autoclave. When solution has cooled to 50°C (cool enough to touch with bare hands for a few seconds), add 40 ml of sterile 10% (w/v) glucose. (That's a final concentration of 0.4% glucose.)

Generally when making stocks of SOC it is advisable to make up multiple 125 of 250ml bottles. This media is extremely rich and can contaminate easily (smaller volumes tend to be pulled from it repeatedly with pipettes, which increases the chances of contamination over time).

Note: Some recipes for SOB use 10 mM MgSO4 and 10 mM MgCl.

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesSOB

TGY Medium

1L 5L Component
5 g 25 g Pancreatic digest of casein
5 g 25 g Yeast Extract
1g 5 g Glucose
1 g 5 g K2HPO4
Add dH2O to final volume and autoclave.

Included topic:ProtocolsRecipesTGY

DR: Defined minimal media for D. radiodurans

250 ml 500 ml Component
50 ml 100 ml 5x M9 salts
250 ul 500 ul 5mM MnCl2
250 ul 500 ul 0.8M MgCl2
250 ul 500 ul 0.18 M CaCl2
2.5 ml 5 ml Syringe filtered Vitamins Mix
500 ul 1 ml Syringe filtered Amino Acid mix (see below)
Add dH2O to final volume.
Note: All components are either pre-sterilized or syringe filtered so the only things that need to be autoclaved are the receiving bottle and the added water.

To prepare the amino acids:

Amount Amino Acid
1 g L-Cys
0.5 g L-His
0.5 g L-Met
Dissolve these amino acids in 40 ml of dH2O

Included topic:ProtocolsRecipesDR

YPS Medium

1L 1.5L Component
3.0 g 4.5 g Yeast Extract
3.0 g 4.5 g Peptone
2.0 mL 3.0 mL 1 M Magnesium sulfate
2.0 mL 3.0 mL 1 M Calcium chloride
add water to final volume, adjust pH to 7.0 autoclave

Included topic:ProtocolsRecipesYPSMedium

1416: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid medium (for JJ-1b, Bacillus sp.)

1L 4L Component
4.25 g 17.0 g Potassium Phosphate (dibasic) K2HPO4 trihydrate
1.00 g 4.00 g Sodium Phosphate (monobasic) NaH2PO4 monohydrate
2.00 g 8.00 g Ammonium chloride NH4Cl
0.20 g 0.40 g Magnesium Sulfate MgSO4 heptahydrate
12.0 mg 48.0 mg Ferrous Sulfate FeSO4 heptahydrate
3.00 mg 12.0 mg Manganese Sulfate MnSO4 monohydrate
3.00 mg 12.0 mg Zinc Sulfate ZnSO4 heptahydrate
1.00 mg 4.00 mg Cobalt (II) Sulfate CoSO4
0.10 g 0.40 g Nitrilotriacetic acid *
1.00 g 4.00 g 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid *

* Dissolve these components in water made alkaline with concentrated NaOH before adding other components.

Adjust medium for final pH 7.2, +/- 0.2. Autoclave for at least 15 minutes.

If plates needed, add 15.0 g of agar per liter to the above recipe.

Included topic:ProtocolsRecipes1416,4-hydroxybenzoicacidmedium

YPD Medium

General media used for culturing Yeast. Adapted from Cold spring harbor

In 1 L bottle:

1L Component
20g Peptone
10 g Yeast Extract

  • Dissolve above in ~900 mL water.
  • Bring to 950 mL (final volume will be 1L after autoclaving)

In separate 500mL bottle, prepare 40% Glucose w/v

Autoclave separately. WARNING If glucose added before autoclaving, media will caramelize and be unusable.

  • Add 50 mL of 40% glucose solution to YPD media.

Included topic:ProtocolsRecipesYPDmedium

Solid Media

LB: Lysogeny Broth / Luria-Bertani (Miller) Agar

Combine in a 2 L flask the following:

1.5L Component
15 g Tryptone
7.5 g Yeast Extract
15 g NaCl
24 g Agar
1.5 ml 5% Antifoam

Add dH2O to 1.5 L. Autoclave.

Notes and variations:

  • Common synonyms are Luria-Broth and Luria-Bertani medium.
  • This is the "Miller" formulation of LB with 10 g NaCl per liter (1% w/v). Another common formulation has only 5 g NaCl per liter (0.5% w/v)! They are NOT interchangeable.
  • If you are performing sacB counter-selection, you may need to use even lower salt concentrations.
  • To make "soft" or "top" agar for phage studies, use only 7-8 g agar per liter.

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesLysogenyBrothAgar

TA: Tetrazolium Sugar (TA, TM, TL, ...)

Combine in a 2 L flask:

1.5L Component
15 g Tryptone
1.5 g Yeast Extract
7.5 g NaCl
24 g Agar
1.5 ml 5% Antifoam
Add dH2O to 1.3 liter.

Combine in a 500 ml flask:

1.5L Component
15 g Sugar (arabinose = TA, maltose = TM, lactose = TL)
Add dH2O to 0.2 liter.

Autoclave sugar and media separately. Total combined volume is 1.5 liters.

Combine and add:

1.5L Component
1.5 ml 5% (w/v) Triphenyl Tetrazolium chloride (TTC), filter sterilized, stored at 4°C

Source: Lenski Lab Protocol

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesTetrazoliumSugar

MG: Minimal Glucose agar, aka DM: Davis Mingioli agar

Note: When making these plates it is necessary to prepare and autoclave the 3 main parts (salts, agar, and sugar) separately. Compounds that inhibit growth are produced when agar and phosphate or phosphate and glucose are autoclaved together.

1L 1.5L Component MW
5.3 g 8 g Potassium Phosphate (dibasic) K2HPO4 MW 174.18
2 g 3 g Potassium Phosphate (monobasic) KH2PO4 MW 136.07
1 g 1.5 g Ammonium Sulfate (NH4)2 SO4 MW 132.08
0.5 g 0.75 g Sodium Citrate (trisodium, dihydrate) Na3C6H5O7 (H2O)2 MW 294.10
333 ml 500 ml dH2O  
Autoclave.

Next, prepare the agar:

1L 1.5L Component
16 g 24 g Agar
1 ml 1.5 ml Antifoam (5%)
333 ml 500 ml dH2O
Autoclave.

Next, prepare the sugar. The final concentration is 0.4% w/v:

1L 1.5L Component
4 g 6 g Glucose (or other sugar)
333 ml 500 ml dH2O
Autoclave.

After the 3 parts have been autoclaved, combine the contents of the three flasks together while they are still warm add the following stock solutions:

1L 1.5L Component
1.0 ml 1.5 ml 10% Magnesium Sulfate MgSO4 (separately autoclaved stock)
1.0 ml 1.5 ml 0.2% Thiamin (vitamin B1) (filter sterilized stock)

Source: Lenski Lab Protocol

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesMinimalGlucose

MC: Minimal Citrate

Prepared the same as MG: Minimal Glucose with the following changes:

  • No glucose
  • 4.5 g/L Sodium Citrate (trisodium, dihydrate)

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesMinimalCitrate

M9 Minimal Media Plates

As with DM and MG media, make sure to autoclave the agar and phosphate separately.

For 1 liter of media:

1L Component
6 g Sodium phosphate, Na2HPO4 (anhydrous)
3 g Potassium phosphate, KH2PO4
0.5 g Sodium chloride, NaCl
1 g Ammonium chloride, NH4Cl

Add dH2O to 500 mL

1L Component
16 g Agar
1 ml Antifoam

Add dH2O to 500 mL.

Autoclave media. Once the bottles are cooled to 55°C, mix the agar and M9 components.

Next, add the following sterile ingredients:

1L Component
1 ml 1M Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4
1 ml 0.1M Calcium chloride CaCl2
10 ml 10% (w/v) glucose (or other carbon source)

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesM9

PA: Lac Papillation Agar

Make 10× Minimal A Salts.

10× Minimal A Salts
1L Component MW
80 g Potassium Phosphate (dibasic) K2HPO4 MW 174.18
45 g Potassium Phosphate (monobasic) KH2PO4 MW 136.07
10 g Ammonium Sulfate (NH4)2 SO4 MW 132.08
5 g Sodium Citrate (trisodium, dihydrate) Na3C6H5O7 (H2O)2 MW 294.10
to 1L dH2O  
Autoclave. Salt solution can be stored at room temperature.

Agar Solution
1L Component
15 g Agar
to 490 ml dH2O
Autoclave.

Sugar Solution
1L Component
2 g Glucose
to 400 ml dH2O
Autoclave.

After autoclaving, combine agar and sugar and add:

1L Component
100 ml 10× Minimal A Salts
6 ml 10% w/v (0.083M Mg2+) Magnesium Sulfate, anhydrous MgSO4 (autoclaved) MW 120.37
2.5 ml 0.2% w/v Thiamin (vitamin B1) (filter sterilized)
1 ml 500 mg/ml P-Gal (phenyl β-D-galactoside) (filter sterilized)
1 ml 40 mg/ml X-Gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-D-galactoside) (filter sterilized)

Note: The amounts added of some standard components (including agar) are slightly different for this recipe. Volumes have also been altered from the original Miller recipe to use the same stock solutions we have available for making DM plates. The final concentrations are 0.2% glucose, 0.05% P-Gal, and 0.004% X-Gal (w/v).

Sources:

  1. Nghiem, Y., Cabrera, M., Cupples, C.G., Miller, J.H. (1988) The mutY gene : A mutator locus in Escherichia coli that generates G•C→T•A transversions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85:2709-2713.
  2. Miller J.H. (1972) Experiments in Molecular Genetics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.

Included topic: ProtocolsPapillationAgar

TGY Medium

1.5L Component
7.5 g Pancreatic digest of casein
7.5 g Yeast Extract
1.5g Glucose
1.5 g K2HPO4
24g Agar
1.5mL Antifoam

Add dH2O to final volume and autoclave.

Included topic: ProtocolsTGYPlates

MOB: Mobility Media

This media is useful for enhancing the mobility of ADP1, which moves across the plate by "twitching".

1L Final [ ] Component
5 g 0.5% agarose
5 g 2.0% tryptone
2.5 g 10 mM NaCl

After pouring your gel, let it set overnight at room temperature. The next day, spot with 1uL of your overnight-grown culture, leave the plate to dry for 15 minutes at room temperature, wrap in Parafilm, invert, and incubate at 30°C. You should see spreading over the next 24 hours.

Included topic: ProtocolsMobilityMedia

Blood - Heart Infusion Agar

Heart Infusion Agar supplemented with sterile Sheep's Blood. Used for the cultivation of fastidious organisms (Bee gut microbiome species et al)

1L Component
44 g Heart Infusion Agar (HIA) (Difco brand)
50mL Sterile Sheep's Blood

Autoclave water and media (without blood) on a 20min liquid cycle. Transfer autoclaved media to hot water bath at 55 deg Celsius. Allow to equilibrate for 30mins to 1hr. Add 100mL blood (using PipetAid) and stir to mix (a stir bar isn't necessary, but do not shake). Smooth, small circles while the bottle is on a flat surface is sufficient to mix the blood and warm agar. Add necessary antibiotics and supplements (remember the volume is now 1100 mL, not 1 L) and pour into plates.

As with other agar, after autoclaving the HIA you can let it solidify at room temperature. After microwaving to dissolve, it still needs to be cooled before adding blood.

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesBloodHeartInfusion

Stab Agar

Making agar stabs for storage and transport of bacterial strains.

1L Component
10 g Tryptone
5 g Yeast extract
10 g Sodium chloride
6 g Agar

Autoclave. Transfer to cryovials before media cools. Can store the vials at 4 C for a few months.

Included topic: ProtocolsRecipesStabAgar

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Contributors to this topic Edit topic JeffreyBarrick, CraigBarnhart, AurkoDasgupta, BrianRenda, GabrielSuarez, DaciaLeon, JordanMonk, SeanLeonard, JuliePerreau, DanielDeatherage
Topic revision: r45 - 2022-06-01 - 18:43:25 - Main.JeffreyBarrick
 
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