(r61) Barrick Lab :: Research

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---+!! Barrick Lab :: Research

<font size="+1">Listen to an introduction to our synthetic biology research:<br>[[https://ebrcintranslation.buzzsprout.com/1581817/7907029-2-studying-evolution-and-engineering-bug-guts-w-jeffrey-barrick][Studying Evolution and Engineering Bee Guts (EBRC in Translation Podcast)]]</font>

<font size="+1">Watch a public seminar on our microbial evolution research at UT Tyler 2024 Darwin Day:<br>[[https://youtu.be/g2tlvYAq3VE][The Long-Term Evolution Experiment: Watching Bacteria Evolve for More Than Three Decades]]</font>

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See also: [[PreviousResearch][Previous Research Projects]]

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#EvolvingAndEngineeringInsectSymbionts
---+ Evolving and Engineering Insect Symbionts
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<center><img src="%ATTACHURLPATH%/engineering_insect_symbionts.png" width='300' /> %BR%
*Insect symbiont engineering overview* </center></div>

Many insects have more consequential associations with bacteria than we have with the human microbiome. We create genetic tools to study these bacterial symbionts and engineer their interactions with insects. We also use experimental evolution to examine how new symbionts arise and how interactions within a microbiome and between microbes and their hosts can change. These projects are highly collaborative and have involved researchers from the [[http://web.biosci.utexas.edu/moran/][Moran Lab]], the [[http://bwdaviesutaustin.org/][Davies Lab]], the [[https://ellingtonlab.org][Ellington Lab]] and other research groups.

%ICON{addon}% *Current Funding:* ARO MURI, NSF EDGE, USDA NIFA %BR%%ICON{addon}%  *Past Funding:* DARPA BRICS, DARPA Insect Allies, ERDC

%ICON{edittopic}% *Overview Publication*
   * Elston _et al._ (2022) _Trends in Microbiology_  [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34103228][PMID: 34103228]]

---++ Honey Bees: Functional Genomics and Protecting Pollinator Health
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<center><img src="%ATTACHURLPATH%/Leonard_2020_Science.png" width='400' /> %BR%
*Engineered symbionts kill honey bee parasites* </center>
</div>Bees are ecologically and economically important pollinators. We created a bee microbiome toolkit (BTK) for engineering bacteria that colonize the guts of honey bees (_Apis mellifera_) and bumble bees (_Bombus species_). We recently showed that we can engineer the bacterium _Snodgrassella alvi_ to implement effective symbiont-mediated RNAi. This system can be used for the targeted knockdown of bee genes to study their functions. For example, we have used it to alter honey bee feeding behavior. We have also shown that these engineered symbionts can be used to protect honey bees from viral pathogens and arthropod parasites that imperil the health of hives.

%ICON{group}% *Current Researchers:* Zuberi Ashraf, Kadena Cope, Korin Jones, Kathleen Sotelo, PJ Lariviere, Lucio Navarro, Dennis Mishler

%ICON{bubble}% *News:* [[https://cns.utexas.edu/news/bacteria-engineered-to-protect-bees-from-pests-and-pathogens][Bacteria Engineered to Protect Bees from Pests and Pathogens]]

%ICON{edittopic}% *Representative Publications*
   * Lariviere _et al._ (2023) _Nature Protocols_  [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36460809][PMID: 36460809]]
   * Leonard _et al._ (2020) _Science_  [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32001655][PMID: 32001655]]
   * Leonard _et al._ (2018) _ACS Synthetic Biology_ [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29608282][PMID: 29608282]]
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---++ Aphids: Understanding the Evolution of Endosymbionts and Pest Control
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<center><img src="%ATTACHURLPATH%/website_fig_aphid.png" alt="website_fig_aphid.png" width='400'  /> %BR% *GFP-tagged symbiont colonizing the aphid gut* </center>
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Aphids are plant pests and model systems for studying bacteria-insect symbioses. We have developed tools for engineering strains of _Serratia symbiotica_ that colonize the aphid gut. We are now using these tools to unravel how these strains, which can be pathogenic to their hosts, are related to strains of _S. symbiotica_ that live within insect cells, are inherited across aphid generations, and can benefit their aphid hosts. We have showed that cultured _S. symbiotica_ strains are capable of maternal transmission within aphids, suggesting that they possess a latent capacity to evolve a long-term symbiotic relationship with their hosts. We are also exploring applications of these engineered bacteria related to pest control, especially through symbiont-mediated RNAi.

%ICON{group}% *Current Researchers:* Anthony VanDieren, Lucio Navarro

%ICON{bubble}% *News:* [[https://cns.utexas.edu/news/turning-plant-pests-into-helpers][Turning Plant Pests into Helpers]]

%ICON{edittopic}% *Representative Publications*
   * Elston _et al._ (2023) _PeerJ_ [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36874963][PMID:  36874963]]
   * Elston _et al._ (2020) _Applied and Environmental Microbiology_ [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33277267][PMID: 33277267]]
   * Perreau _et al._ (2020) _mBio_ [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35012344][PMID: 35012344]]
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#SyntheticBiologyReliability
---+ Improving the Reliability of Synthetic Biology

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<center><img src="%ATTACHURLPATH%/burden_schematic.png" width='400' /> %BR%
*Cells that evolve mutations in a burdensome function can rapidly take over a population* </center>
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Synthetic biology applies engineering principles to create living systems with predictable and useful behaviors from collections of standardized genetic parts. However, living systems – unlike mechanical devices – inevitably evolve when their DNA sequences accumulate copying errors, often resulting in "broken" cells that no longer function as they were programmed. We are addressing this challenge by better characterizing how engineered cells evolve and using this information to design DNA sequences and host cells that are more robust against unwanted evolution. Also, precisely defining the function, extent, and provenance of genetic parts can be complicated because variation in these parts can arise from engineering or intentional evolution. This work includes: (1) developing "negative design" software to alert researchers to genetically unstable and unintentionally burdensome DNA designs; (2) using experimental evolution and engineering to create "antimutator" variants of host organisms that have lower-than-natural mutation rates; and (3) developing databases and software tools for improved annotation of engineered DNA sequences and common variants of those sequences. 

%ICON{group}% *Current Researchers:* Dennis Mishler, Cameron Roots

%ICON{edittopic}% *Representative Publications*
   * Radde _et al._ (2024) _Nature Communications_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39048554][PMID: 39048554]]
   * Roots & Barrick (2024) _Synthetic Biology_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39722801][PMID: 39722801]]
   * McGuffie & Barrick (2021) _Nucleic Acids Research_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34019636][PMID: 34019636]]
   * Deatherage et al. (2018) _Nucleic Acids Research_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30137492][PMID: 30137492]]
   * Jack _et al._ (2015) _ACS Synthetic Biology_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26096262][PMID:26096262]]

%ICON{addon}% *Current Funding:* NIH R01;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *Past Funding:* NSF CAREER, DARPA BRICS, DARPA Insect Allies

#GenomeDynamics
---+ Dynamics of Microbial Genome Evolution

#TheLTEE
---++ The <i>E. coli</i> Long-Term Evolution Experiment (LTEE)
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*Accumulation of mutations in population Ara-1 of the LTEE over 20,000 generations of evolution* </center>
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We develop the [[http://barricklab.org/breseq][<i>breseq</i>]] computational pipeline for identifying mutations in laboratory-evolved microbial genomes from next-generation sequencing data. We have used this tool to extensively study rates of genome evolution in the >35-year Lenski [[http://the-ltee.org][long-term evolution experiment (LTEE)]] with _E. coli_. We continue to develop _breseq_ and related computational pipelines so that it can be used for more additional applications related to strain engineering and medicine. For example, we are interested in how tracking rare variants within populations of microorganisms can anticipate further evolutionary trajectories and how this information might be used to better diagnose and treat disease. We also have other ongoing projects related to understanding the mechanisms and dynamics of bacterial evolution and ecology in the LTEE using other high-throughput and systems biology approaches.

%ICON{group}% *Current Researchers:* Alexa Morton, Pranesh Rao,  Ira Zibbu

%ICON{bubble}% *News:* [[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-01620-3][Legendary bacterial evolution experiment enters new era]]

%ICON{edittopic}% *Representative Publications*
   * Deatherage & Barrick _et al._ (2021) _Cell Systems_ [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34536379][PMID: 34536379]]
   * Zhang _et al._ (2019) _Nature Communications_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31863068][PMID: 31863068]]
   * Deatherage _et al._ (2017) _PNAS_ [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28202733][PMID: 28202733]]
   * Deatherage and Barrick (2014) _Methods Mol in Molecular Biology_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24838886][PMID:24838886]]
   * Barrick and Lenski (2013) _Nature Reviews Genetics._ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24166031][PMID:24166031]]

%ICON{addon}% *Funding:* NSF LTREB, UT-CNS SPARK, NSF EEID, NASA &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *Past Funding:* NSF K99/R00

#AbaylyiEvoEng
---++ Evolution and Engineering of Naturally Transformable Bacteria 

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*Insertion sequences (red) deleted in the transposon-free strain _Acinetobacter baylyi_ ADP1-ISx* </center>
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Naturally competent bacteria have expanded evolutionary potential because they can readily acquire new DNA from their environment. We are using experimental evolution of the model organism _Acinetobacter baylyi_ ADP1 to understand how horizontally acquired genes and mobile genetic elements become domesticated after their incorporation into a new genome and the broader effects of gene acquisition on the rest of the genome. We are also studying the role of chemical specificity in determining the fate of acquired DNA as either nutrition or genetic information. These bacteria also provide an improved platform for studying microbial genome engineering due to the ease of reconstructing mutations and introducing new genes. We are investigating sources of genetic instability in ADP1 and engineering a clean genome version of this strain by deleting transposable elements and prophages. This will promote the use of ADP1 in synthetic biology by reducing rates of mutations that lead to inactivation of introduced genes. Further, we are using ADP1 as a platform to understand the limits to streamlining bacterial genomes and identifying adaptations to overcome the fitness costs of reduced genomes.

%ICON{group}% *Current Researchers:* Isaac Gifford, Meghna Vergis

%ICON{edittopic}% *Representative Publications*
   * Gifford _et al._ (2020) _PLoS Genetics_ [[https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/48/8/4585/5813807][PMID:32232367]] 
   * Suárez _et al._ (2020) _Nucleic Acids Research_ [[https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/48/8/4585/5813807][PMID:32232367]] 
   * Suárez _et al._ (2017) _Applied and Environmental Microbiology_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28667117][PMID:28667117]] 
   * Renda _et al._ (2015) _Journal of Bacteriology_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25512307][PMID:25512307]] 

%ICON{addon}% *Funding:* NSF, UT-CNS SPARK &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *Past Funding:* Welch Foundation, NSF CAREER

#BartonellaEcologyEvolution
---++ Evolution and Ecology of <i>Bartonella</i> Parasites in the Negev Desert

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*Diverse _Bartonella_ vectored by fleas infect multiple gerbil species in the Negev Desert* </center>
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_Bartonella_ are diverse blood-borne parasites that can cause zoonotic infections of humans. The [[https://cris.bgu.ac.il/en/persons/hadas-hawlena][Hawlena Lab]] studies _Bartonella_ species that circulate in gerbil populations in the Negev Desert in southwestern Israel. In these natural wildlife communities, multiple species of _Bartonella_ infect and co-infect multiple host species, making it a dynamic system for studying host-parasite interactions. Our laboratory collaborates on projects characterizing how the genomes of these _Bartonella_ evolve within and over multiple infection cycles in wild and lab-reared rodents. Our lab is particularly interested in mechanisms for genome evolvability utilized by these bacteria to escape host immune responses, including simple-sequence repeat contingency loci, gene accordions, and recombination during co-infections.

%ICON{group}% *Current Researchers:* Isaac Gifford

%ICON{edittopic}% *Representative Publications*
   * Rodríguez&#8209;Pastor _et al._ (2024) _PLoS Pathogens_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39348417][PMID: 39348417]] 
   * Rodríguez&#8209;Pastor _et al._ (2022) _Molecular Ecology Resources_ [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35599628][PMID:35599628]] 

%ICON{addon}% *Funding:* BSF &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *Past Funding:* NSF EEID

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Barrick Lab > ResearchInterests
Contributors to this topic
JeffreyBarrick, KateElston, SarahBialik, IsaacGifford, CameronRoots, JuliePerreau, GabrielSuarez, AlexaMorton
Topic revision: r61 - 2025-03-21 - 21:33:59 - Main.JeffreyBarrick